Ethiopian Tax Research Network Library
Resources to enhance the exchange of tax knowledge in Nigeria
Research focusing on challenges in increasing property tax revenues in Africa
Resources on topics related to taxation in Ethiopia, ranging from tax policy to tax administration, and from academic papers to practical case studies
Following the third international Financing for Development Conference, the United Nations General Assembly endorsed the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The first action area, outlined as “critical to achieving the sustainable development goals,” is mobilising domestic public resources. Countries committed to “enhancing revenue administration through modernized, progressive tax systems, improved tax policy and more efficient tax collection.”
As a member of the Addis Tax Initiative, Ethiopia has committed to stepping up domestic resource mobilisation. Currently, Ethiopia’s tax to GDP ratio stands at about 13%, below the 15% considered necessary to fund adequate public services. Key to raising increased tax revenue in an equitable manner, and without impeding economic growth, is rigorous research that can inform both tax policy and practice.
To this end, the Ethiopian Tax Research Network (ETRN) was launched in September 2017. The ETRN is coordinated by the International Centre for Tax and Development (ICTD) and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The ETRN is dedicated to enhancing the generation and exchange of tax knowledge in Ethiopia. It is concerned with all topics related to taxation, ranging from tax policy to tax administration, and from academic papers to practical case studies. This library is intended to be of use to members of the ETRN, including tax practitioners and researchers from both Ethiopian and international organisations.
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Showing 81-90 of 122 results
A fiscal history of Ethiopia: taxation and aid dependence 1960-2010
International Centre for Tax and Development, 2016This paper reviews the fiscal history of Ethiopia, focusing particularly on the period between 1960 and 2010, for which detailed fiscal data is available to underpin the analysis....The fiscal effects of aid in Ethiopia: evidence from CVAR applications
Taylor and Francis Group, 2017This article explores the fiscal effects of aid in Ethiopia using the Cointegrated Vector Auto-Regressive (CVAR) methodology to model complex long-run and short-run dynamics. This article uses national data for 1961–2010, including a measure of aid capturing flows through the budget as measured by the recipient.The data suggests three main conclusions on the long-run equilibrium. First, government long-term spending plans are based on domestic sources, treating aid as an additional source of revenue. Second, both grants and loans are positively related to tax revenue....Aid and taxation in Ethiopia
Taylor and Francis Group, 2016The relation between aid and taxation is largely contested in the literature. On the one hand, aid may act as a substitute for tax revenue and thus have a crowding-out effect. It can also have a detrimental effect on domestic tax institutions. On the other hand, it can promote and support tax mobilisation through policy advice, technical assistance, and conditionality, in addition to more indirect channels.The case of Ethiopia supports the existence of a positive relation between aid and tax, which occurs mainly through policy advice and technical assistance rather than conditionality....Property taxation and economic development: lessons from Rwanda and Ethiopia
Sheffield Political Economy Research Institute, 2016Property taxation is increasingly emerging on the international development agenda, amid growing recognition that it is an underutilised source of revenue for state building and redistribution.The brief explores the challenges, opportunities and pitfalls of property taxation, and how it relates to land ownership, through analysis of Rwanda and Ethiopia: two rapidly urbanising countries whose recent economic growth and poverty reduction has been more consistent than most others in Africa....Firm response to VAT registration threshold in Ethiopia
Colombia University, 2016The empirical evidence on the effects of VAT policy in developing countries is scarce. Using a detailed firm level census panel, the authors study the response of manufacturing firms to the adoption of VAT in Ethiopia. The VAT policy mandated firms with revenue higher than $22000 to register for VAT and the smaller firms to pay a lower turnover tax.First the paper provides suggestive evidence of firm bunching around the threshold....Challenges of Value Added Tax (VAT) collection performance: a case study of Hawassa City Revenue Authority (South Ethiopia)
SAGE Publications, 2016This study investigates the challenges of Value Added Tax (VAT) collection performance in case of Hawassa City Revenue Authority. The study adopted a mixed research method approach to answer the research questions. Survey data was collected from 94 VAT registered businesses of which 78 were addressed through distribution of self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews was conducted with tax officials. The interviews were conducted with three tax officials at different times to check the consistency of information....Challenges of electronics tax register machine (ETRS) to businesses and its impact in improving tax revenue
International Journal of Scientific Knowledge, 2014This study was conducted to assess problems faced by traders during using ETRs the Case of Addis Ababa City. The paper has identified problems related to the use of ETRs from the perspective of tax payers. The study has used both primary and secondary sources of data....Taxing property in a neo-developmental state: the politics of urban land value capture in Rwanda and Ethiopia
Oxford University Press, 2017Of the African states experiencing sustained growth and poverty reduction in recent decades, Rwanda and Ethiopia stand out due to the scope of their development visions and relatively effective state-driven transformation, leading them to be compared to the East Asian ‘developmental states’....Taxing the urban boom: property taxation and land leasing in Kigali and Addis Ababa
International Centre for Tax and Development, 2015Much contemporary economic growth in Africa is driven by urban service sectors including construction and real estate. This manifests in rapidly transforming landscapes and the proliferation of valuable property in the continent’s booming large cities, often accompanied by growing socio-economic inequality. In this context, improving systems for property taxation is an urgent and growing need – something that national and international policymakers increasingly recognise....Linking taxation and social protection: evidence on redistribution and poverty reduction in Ethiopia
International Centre for Tax and Development, 2016The reduction of poverty, and more recently inequality, are pressing concerns in many lowand middle-income countries, not in the least as a result of the Sustainable Development Goals committing countries to significant improvements by 2030. Redistribution is important for reaching these goals, and is shaped by countries’ tax and welfare systems. Despite redistribution resulting from the simultaneous effect of revenue collection and public expenditures, policies and analyses of their distributional effects have largely been undertaken from narrow and singular perspectives....